Machine



(No Model.) 5'Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. OALDER, J1".

MATRIX MAKING MACHINE.

No. 445,'040. Patented Jan. 20, 1891.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. GALDER, Jr. MATRIX MAKINGr MACHINE.

No. 445,040.. I Patented Jen. 20,1891.

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' (N0 Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

G. CAALDER, J1". MATRIX MAKING MACHINE. No. 445,040. Patented Jan. 20,1891.

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(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

Gr. CALDER, J1.

MATRIX MAKING MACHINE.

No. 445,040. Patented Jan. 20, 1891.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

G. GALDBR, Jr. MATRIX MAKING MACHINE.

No. 445,040. Patented JAA.v zo, 1891.

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ilivrrnn STaTns PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE CALDER, JR., OF LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO MARY II. OALDER, OF SAME PLACE.

MATRIX-MAKING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION" forming part of Letters Patent No. 44:5,040l dated January 20, 1891.

Application filed April 14;, 1890. Serial No. 347,854. (No model.)

To (,ZZ when?, it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE CALDER,.I1'.,a citizen of the United States, residing at Lancaster, in the county of Lancaster and State of Pennsylvania, have in vented certain new and useful Improvements in lIatriX-Making Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appcrtaius to make and use the same.

The object of the invention is to provide an eiiicient and com pact machine for impressing matrices.

The present improvements relate to a machine describedin my application tiled .Iannary 3l, 1890, and serially numbered 338,744. In said application were described the main features of the machine herein set forth; and the present invention consists in the improvements hereinafter described, and particularly pointed ont in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a vertical section on line X X of Fig. i. Fig. 2 is a plan partly in section. Fig. is avertical section on line g/ fg of Fig. l. Fig. t is a partial vertical section von line .2' of Fig. l. Fig. is a plan of gears and rack for moving the matrix-bed, the alternative position of gears and their supporting-frame being indicated by dotted lines; Fig. G, a section online t tof Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is an elevation of cock-operating mechanism, the cocks being shown in section; and Fig. S is a side view of the same, the cocks being omitted. Fig. 9 is a vertical section through the type-carrier gear-wheel. Fig. lO is a transverse section of the type-carrier. Fig. ll is an elevation of the type carrier gear-wheel. Fig. l2 is an edge view of driving-gears shown in Figs. 5 and U, the pawl, spring, stop, and rackbar being omitted.

The frame of the machine consists of the [ioors or tables o., b, c, and d, tied together by rods 7i and kept in proper position by the tubular stays 74e', which surround the rods and abut against the floors. Above the machine is suitably supported a cylinder l0, in which works the piston of a type-hammer.

Below the hammer and above table d is arranged a type-carrier 0, curved in cross- .section and having fixed thereto a shaft 75. This shaft has a free endwise motion through the hub 25 of a gear-wheel 25, but is keyed thereto at 91, so that they revolve together.

The gear-wheel Q5 has a bearing on post 32. 55

At the opposite end of the type-carrier it is fixed to the'rod of apiston workin gin cylinder S, and it is moved back and forth by pressure on the piston. This movement carries the shaft 75 to and fro over series of stops. 3l denotes one or more of such series, and 8 an individual stop. The object of the gear-wheel is to turn the type-carrier until the desired series of type, of which there may be several arranged lengthwise of the carrier, is under the hammer, and the purpose of the stops is to arrest the longitudinal movement of the type-carrier at the time when the desired type of any series is under the hammer.

Below the hammer and type-carrier is the matrix bed or cylinder 1+i, rigidly connected to a shaft 2S, which has bearings insta-nd 2O and in central apertures in a ratchet-wheel 27 and weight-pulley 33, said pulley and ratchet having bearings upon posts 3st and 98. 'lhe shaft is so keyed to the pulley and ratchetwhcel as to revolve with them. It, however, moves freely through them in endwise direction. On one end of shaft 28 is a piston working in cylinder 18, which cylinder receives compressed iiuid through pipe 30 and stand 20, the piston being thereby normally forced to the outer end of the cylinder. The purpose of this arrangement is to return the matrix-bed after it has been moved in the Opposite direction to impress a line thereon, as will be explained. The purpose of the ratchet 27 is to move the matrix-bed circumferentially the distance of one or more lines. This ratchet has a spline or key connection with the shaft similar to that indicated in Fig. 1l to permit free endwise motion of the shaft through the ratchet, while compelling them to rotate together. The object of the pulley and weight is to keep the spline or key in close and constant contact with its seat in the shaft to insure accuracy and uniformity of alignment of the matrix-bed.

The above-described devices are operated by means which will be now described.

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S1 and S2 are pipes communicating with a reservoir of compressed air or with any source of fluid-pressure. These pipes also communicate with cylinder 8, one on each side of its piston, whereby it and the connected typecarrier can be moved in either direction.

15 15 are two-way cocks arranged one in each Aof said pipes and adapted to permit the c om pressed Huid to pass to or from the cylinder, according as they are turned,substan tially as indicated in Fig. 7. 16 16 are similarly-arran ged cocks by which the compressed uid can be passed through suitable pipes to the hammer-cylinder 10 on either side of its piston and discharged into the open air from the other side, as also indicated in Fig. 7, Vthe several pipes and their connections being shown in Figs. 1 and 2. 'lhe cocks 15 and 16 are operated by a rod 83, pivotally connected with an arm of a lever 6, which is moved about, a supporting-rod 6. Parallel to the power-arm of lever 6 is a bar 62, which at its outer end is connected by a bar or platform 63 (see dotted lines in Figs. 2 and 3) to the outer end of lever 6 and extends beyond the same and under the key-rods 11. These rods extend to the'top of the machine and are provided with suitable heads or finger-pieces and correspond each to a distinct lett-er or character.

In the present instance the six keys at the right of the key-board are intended for operating mechanism to move the matrix-bed Without impressing the matrix to provide for 'a spacing and blanks. Under these the transverse bar (53 does not extend, and they will not therefore operate the valves l5 and 16. If any key-rod over bar 63 is depressed, it moves lever 6 and raises rod 83. This rod is connected to arms 15 and 16 of the plugs of the several cocks 15 and 16 by pivoted rods, and the cocks are arranged in such manner that the cock in pipe81 will be opened to permitl compressed air or other duid to enter cylinder 8 to move the t \jpe-carrier under the hammer in time to receive the impact of the hammer, which is operated nearly simultaneously by the opening of the cock 16, that admits air to cylinder 10 above the hammer-piston, the cock in pipe 82 and the other cock 16 being at the same time opened to the air to Waste or exhaust from in front of the respective pistons. The return or falling movement of bar 83 reverses the several cocks and admits compressed air to the other side of the pistons, the air which was just before admitted to the cylinders being thereupon exhausted.

r1he type-carrier 9 is provided with several series of types or characters arranged longitudinally therein. The mechanism for arresting the carrier at the proper time to put a particular type under the hammer includes a stop 3, of Which there are several series, corresponding to the type series, and means for raising said stop into the path of the bar 75. This is effected byva spring-lever 2, which has its fulcrum on a fixed rod 77, there being a lever for each stop. One end of each lever 2 is engaged in a slot in a key-rod 1, and the other e'nd extends under the foot of a vertically-movable stop 3. Then a rod l is depressed, it operates its 1ever`2 to raise a corresponding stop, the spring 2 being at the same time put under suflicient tension to return the key. Thus the striking of the keyrod corresponding to a letter or character raises the proper stop to arrest the length- Wise movement of the type-carrier when the desired type is under the hammer.

The type-carrier is moved circumferentially to bring any particular series under the hammer by means of a rack-bar 24, which gears with the wheel 25, which is keyed to shaft 75. This bar 24 rests upon table ct, and is locked in position by a spring-pin 80, which passes therethrough and through a slot in the table, and has at its foot lateral, projections 99, which engage suitable depressions in the under side of the table formed on one or both sides of the slot. These depressions are arranged to correspond with suitable adjustment of the several series of type and of intermediate mechanism, and the type series corresponding to each may be noted on the upper side of the table adjacent to the slot. The spring 10U normally holds the pin up with its foot engaged in a depression.

The matrix-bed is moved by means of the cams 4 on rods 1, which when the rod isv depressed push plates 5 or 7 (see Fig. 2) to suitably move ratchet-wheels 11 or 17 by the intermediate mechanism.

37 is an actuating-pawl (see Figs. 1 and 2) carried by an arm 38, rigidly attached to a hub or cylinder 64, turning loosely on shaft 63, to which latter the ratchet-Wheels 11 and 17 are fixed. Sliding plate 5 has pivoted connections with the arms 38, and When it is pushed forward by a cam 4 it partially rotates the hub 64 and arms 38 and forces forward the-pawl and partially turns ratchet-A wheel 11 and shaft 63 and bevel-gears 40 on the inner end of said shaft and also the vertical shaft 41. This shaft 41 has its lower end stepped in a bracket secured to door c, (see Fig. 1,) and has affixed to it one of the bevel-gears. 40'. Gear-Wheels 42 and 43 are rigidly fixed to said shaft 41 and turn Withit.

44 and 45 are intermediate gears, the teeth of the former meshing with those of 43 and the teeth of 45 with those of 42.

is the handle of a crank rigidly attached to a shaft 60', carrying at its lower end a fraine 59, fixed thereto, in which the gear- Wheels 44 and 45 are journaled, and by said crank and shaft either of these Wheels can be thrown into gear with a wheel 46, the Wheelsupporting frame 59 being thereby suitably turned for the purpose and the desired wheel held in such engagement by means of the handle 60, which hasalocking-pin that passes through the crank and can be engaged with suitable depressions in the table The Wheel 46 can therefore be driven either by gear 42 or 43, and therefore at a different speed.

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The practical object of the above-described change of gears is to vary the speed to provide for moving the matrix-cylinder through different units of distance at will, according to the requirements of type of different fonts. As represented in the drawings, it is calenlaied that where the ratchet-wheel 1l is advanced the distance represented byone tooth the matrix-cylinder by means of the intermediate mechanism, including gears 45 and 46, will be moved lengthwise one thirty-second of an inch, whereas if wheel 44 were substituted for 45 by suitably shifting frame 59 (see Fig. 6 and dotted lines Fig. 5) the movement of the cylinder would be one fortyeighth of an inch.

As indicated in Figs. 5, 6, and 7, gear 45 is engaged with and d rives gear 46,being itself driven by gear 453. By a partial revolution of shaft the frame 59 will be turned and carry gear 45 out of and gear 44 into engagement with wheel 46, gear 44 being driven by gear 43. The speed of wheel 46, and consequently of wheel 'l2 and bar 13, Will then correspond to the size of this driving gear or pinion, and this adjustment provides for using fonts of type of different size.

Wheel 46 is connected by a pawl, to be hereinafter described, to a wheel 12, which gears with a rack-bar 13 and moves it to the left under the operation above described. This rack, which rests upon table b, is provided with flanges or projections 32, that embrace the ends of the matrix-bed 14, so that it is moved longitudinally with the bar, but may rotate independently of it. The described movement of bar 13 moves the matrix-cylinder and its shaft against the pressure in cylinder 1S, before described. The extent of this movement is predetermined by the width or face length of the particular cam 4 on the operating key-rod that moves it, and this length is appropriate to the particular letter represented by the rod. To still further modify the-extent of said movement to adapt the mechanism for larger or smaller fonts of type, the movement of the driving-pawl 37 is modified by the following devices:

56 is a swinging stop abutting against said pawl. It is provided with a curved arm 57, that rests on pawl-arm 38, to which is pivoted the pawl 37 and against which the stop also bears. The stop 56 is pivoted to a bell-crank 55 on a shaft 5S, journaled in hanging brackets attached to door b.

The ratchet-wheels 1l, pawls, stops, arms, and bell-cranks are in duplicate, as indicated in Fig. l.

is a weighted arm rigidlyattached to an arm 3S, which latter is loosely mounted on shaft 63 by means of the hub or cylinder 64. The weight 65 keeps the arm 38 in contact with the stop 56, and the latter is moved when desired by the bell-crank 55, which being turned on its supporting-shaft 5S carries the stop to the right or left, as desired. The position of the bell-crank is determined by means of the vertical bar 54, which in turn is held at different elevations against the transmitted force of weight 65, tending to raise itby the rack-bar 24, which has upon its under side various depressions to receive said bar. The pawl-arm 3S and the plate 5 are moved to the left toward rod l by the constant action of the weight 65 as far as bar 24, rod 54, and stop 56 will permit., and this distance is regulable by means of the shoulders or cut-away portions in the under side of bar Q4. If, for example, a part of the bar that will depress rod 54 below any given position is brought over it, the slide 5 will be moved away from rod 1, the bell-crank slightly turned on its pivot by the stop, and the arm 3S moved about shaft 63. Consequently the slide 5 will be farther from rod 1 and4 cam 4, and the latter will descend a short distance before the cam will engage plate 5 and begin to move the same. Said plate will therefore be moved a less distance than otherwise, as also will be the pawl and ratchet-wheel, and consequently the corresponding movement of the matrix-bed will be less, and by this means the described parts can be adjusted to move the bed as required by fonts of different-sized type, the relative variations for different thicknesses of individual type, dependent on the differences in the cams 4, remaining practicallythe same.

To provide for the return of the matrix-bed after the completion of a line without reversing all the gears, the wheel l2 is temporarily disconnected from wheel 46.

49 is a pawl fixed on a pivot or axis which is journaled in the wheel 12,and which pivot has fixed to it upon the upper or opposite side of l2 an arm 48, the pawl 49 being arranged to engage an internal ratchet 5l in wheel 46. The arm 4S is pressed by a spring 47, which holds the pawl in engagement with rack 51 until it is tripped by the arm 4S striking a stop 50, whereupon the pawl is thrown out of engagement and wheel 12 is free to be moved by the racl; 13, which under such eircnmstances will be carried to the right by the air-pressure in cylinder 1S. The stop or trip 50 is made adjustable bythe crank and pin 6l to adapt the movement of the parts to forming lines of different. lengths. The wheel 12, disengaged from 46, is turned back by the return of the matrix-bell and rack 13 until its pawl 49 is again engaged with rack 5l in wheel 46 by the pawl-arm 4S coming in contact with a pin or stop 53, suitably support-ed in the frame. It will be understood that the pawl 49 and its tripping-ann 4S are on opposite sides of gear l2. A part of the latter is broken ont in Fig. 5 to show the relative position of the pawl and its arm, both being secured to the pin 4S', which is loosely supported in the gear-wheel 12. 4

The matrix-bed is moved circumferentially after the completion of a line of impressions thereon by the means now to be described.

QT is a ratchet-wheel keyed or splined to IOC ITO

`a spring.

shaft 2S, to which the matrix-bed is rigidly affixed.

73 is a bell-crank lever, to one arm of which a driving-pawl 71 is pivot'ed, as shown in Fig. 4. VOn the end of rack 13 is formed a cam or incline 13', which is drawn past the pendent arm of the bell-crank lever and in contact with it when said bar 13 is returned upon the completion of a line. The cam at such time has the effect to move the pendent arm 73 of the lever, thereby raising the outer end of the other arm 7 2 and forcing forward pawl 71 and moving ratchet-wheel '27 and consequently the matrix-bed, a distance determined by the adjustment of stop 69. The horizontal arm of the bell-crank is held up by said stop, and the position of arm 73 with reference to the vert-ical liue and with reference to bar 13 and cam 13 is therefore dependent upon this stop. If it be lowered, arm 72 follows it by gravity, and arm 73 is moved to the left or toward bar 13, and will consequently be more affected by the described action of cam 13. On the other hand, if the stop be raised and arm 72 and the pawl be correspondingly elevated, arm 73 will be moved away from rack 13, and its cam will have less effect to move it and pawl and ratchet and matrix-bed. Stop 69 is adjusted by moving crank (id and the cam V67 about the vertically-movable rod (38, whereby it is raised by a pin 86 riding up the face of the cam, or is lowered by gravity when the pin rides down the same. A pin in arm 66 and a series of holes in the table with a suitablyarranged dial thereunder enable this adjustment to be intelligently and securely made.

is a retaining-pawl.

The construction of the type carrier, clearly illustrated in Figs. 1 and 10, is substantially that described in my former application above referred to, the type being held in its seat by The stop-bar was also shown in said application; but in the present instance I have provided it with a cap or bumper 90, which may be secured to the bar by a screw 94 or otherwise. It contains an elastic cushion 95. Said cap has a plain face on its under side, which moves over the bench or group of stops. (See Fig. 1.)

By the above-described mechanism the type-carrier can be moved with certainty and ease and stopped without rebound or jar. The sliding bar 7, it should be understood, is operated by the keys adjacent to it, six in number in the present instance. This slide is connected to an arm 7, that carries a driving-pawl which moves forward ratchet 17 and shaft 63 with the effect to move the gears, rack, and matrix-bed, as already described. The rods operating slide 7 have, however,no connection with lever 6 nor with the valve mechanism, so that they move the matrixbed without causing it to be impressed.

In my application above named were described and claimed a revoluble type-carrier having an axis or shaft keyed to a rack in such manner as to providefor rotating .the

carrier by means of the gear and for an in- Having thus describedvmy invention, what I Y desire to secure bv Letters Patent is* 1. In a m atriX-im pressing machine, the typecarrier provided with a shaft having on its free end an elastic cushion or bumper, in combination with a stop and with means for moving the carrier lengthwise and for moving the stop in the path of the shaft, substantially as set forth.

2. In a matrix-impressing machine, a matrix-bed fixed to a longitudinally-movable shaft having a piston on its end, a cylinder in which said piston moves, an inlet for compressed air, devices for moving the matrixbed and the piston against the air-pressure,

anda tripping device whereby when the Adevices for moving the bed are tripped the bed is returned to its initial position by the air-pressure on the piston, substantially as set forth.

3. In a matrix-impressing machine, the matrix bed fixed to a shaft, a ratchet-wheel, and a pulley, the wheels and pulley being keyed to the shaft, a weight on the pulley to keep the key always in contact with its seat on the same side thereof, and mechanism for moving the bed lengthwise and for 'producing lines in the matrix, substantially as set forth.

4. In a matrix-impressing machine, the matrix-bed fixed on a shaft, the rack provided with projections embracing the bed and with a cam or incline, devices for moving the rack, a ratchet-wheel keyed to the shaft, a pawl for driving the wheel, having an arm arranged in the path of the cam-face on the rack, and devices for moving the cam against the arm, whereby the matrix-bed is moved lengthwise and thereby partially rotated, substantially as set forth.

5. In a matrix-impressing machine, the matrix-bed fixed on a shaft, the rack provided with projections embracing thebed and with a cam or incline, devices for moving the rack, a ratchet-wheel keyed to theshaft, apawl for driving the wheel, having an arm arranged in 4the path of the cam-face on the rack, and devices for moving the cam against the arm, wherebythe matrix-bed is moved lengthwise and thereby partially rotated, and an adjustable stop to vary the throw of the pawl-arm and the rotation of the bed, substantially as set forth.

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(i. In a matrix-impressing machine, a keyrod provided with a cam, a sliding plate movable by the cam, a ratchet-Wheel to drive the matriX-bed-moving mechanism, a Weighted pawl-arm loose on the shaft of the ratchetwheel and connected to the sliding plate, a pavvl pivoted to said arm,a swing-stop, the Weight of the paWl-arm being arranged to keep the stop against the arm, and devices for adjusting the stop-arm and slide to vary i the effect of the cam on the slide, substantially as set forth.

7. In a matrix impressing machine, the swinging stop pivoted to the bell-crank. the bell-crank, the rod pivoted thereto, and the movable bar having depressions of varying depths, in combination with the driving-pawl,

ratchet, intermediate gears, and matrix-bed, substantially as set forth.

S. In a matrix-impressing machine, the movable rack-bar having depressions of vary- 3 ing depths, the gear-wheel keyed to the shaft of the type-carrier, the vertical rod, bellf crank, stop, pawl, paWl-arm, sliding plate, and i key-rod, all in combination, whereby the rack that turns the type-carrier also adjusts the length of movement of the rack that transmits motion to the matrix-bed, substantially as set forth.

9. In a matrix-impressing machine, a keyboard, a hammer, a type-carrier provided with series of type, a matrix-bed, mechanism for moving the carrier and mechanism for moving' the bed, and a bar that nieves the carrier and also adjusts the extent of the movement of the bed under the influence of the rod, substantially as set forth.

l0. In a matriximpressing machine, the combination of the key-rodsand intermediate mechanism with gears made interchangeable and with the matrix-cylinder, Wherebythe extent of the movement in the direction of the line of the latter may be varied, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence ot' two witnesses. GEO. CALDER, Jn. \Vitiicsses:

J. L. LYTE, Il. M. REESE. 

